Euthanasia And Healthcare Workers Essay - 2415 Words

Euthanasia means different things to different people. The definition provided by www.euthanasia.com states that euthanasia is â€Å"the intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human being for his or her alleged benefit. (The key word here is intentional. If death is not intended, it is not an act of euthanasia)†. There are several key definitions listed on the euthanasia site such as voluntary euthanasia, involuntary euthanasia, assisted suicide, and euthanasia by action or omission. There are those who feel that euthanasia is an act of compassion at the end of ones life, while others such as www.euthanasia.com state that they â€Å"are committed to the fundamental belief that the intentional killing of another person is wrong.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Like Judaism, Christianity teaches that God endowed human life with intrinsic value. From the first century A.D. to the twentieth century, virtually all Christians condemned suicide as a means of e scaping the suffering that afflicts human beings. This accounted for the uniformity of opinion throughout Christendom about the virtues of extending human life and enduring suffering when death approached as an essential part of Gods providential plan for each and every individual. Once Christianity became more widespread, it is easy to see that the trend moved towards saving each and every person’s life, even to the detriment to the quality of life experienced before death. Early Christians built hospitals and cared for the sick, while many monks became Hippocratic physicians and continued the Hippocratic tradition through the Dark Ages (Reville 2010). Largely driven by Christian ideals, medicine and nursing spread throughout the world, and remained under this Hippocratic-Christian consensus until the 1950’s (Reville 2010). In fact America began to get its first taste of a shifting public opinion on euthanasia in 1915 when a doctor by the name of Harry J. Haiselden allowed a severely deformed baby to succumb to death rather than perform surgery (Dowbiggin 2003). This sent shockwaves across the country and marked a milestone for opening up future dialogue between AmericansShow MoreRelatedThe Euthanasia And Assisted Suicide1505 Words   |  7 Pageschild of the ill or elderly parent has to decide whether their mom or dad should go forward with active euthanasia, could also cause some issues amongst the family. Euthanasia and assisted suicide is a way for family members and friends to be able to say their goodbyes to their loved one and know that they won’t be suffering for much longer. First, this essay is going to explore what euthanasia and assisted suicide is, and what the laws are in Canada involving this topic. Secondly, this paper willRead MoreNavigating Communication With Families During Withdrawals Of Life-Intensive Care Case Study858 Words   |  4 Pagespatients and identify how the healthcare team addresses the problematic topic. This qualitative study observed the experiences of 27 end-of-life patients, their families, oncologists, and nurses. A hypothesis was not made. Results of the study demonstrated how this decision affects everyone involved in the process, and it detailed ideals of appropriate e nd-of-life care practices. This addresses the PICO because it includes the patient’s decision, how the healthcare professionals view this, how itRead MoreSimilarities Between Tort Law And Criminal Law1605 Words   |  7 Pagesand tort law are applicable in healthcare. The tort law takes care of the majority of the medical malpractices, especially those that do not touch the laws of the land. For instance, breach of patient confidentiality may lead to the application of the law of tort. Conversely, criminal law is applied in cases where the healthcare institutions and professionals participate in activities that break any of the state or federal laws, for example, engaging in euthanasia in states that consider the practiceRead MoreDifferences Between Tort Law And Criminal Law1607 Words   |  7 Pagesand tort law are applicable in healthcare. The majority of medical malpractices, especially those that do not touch the laws of the land are taken care by the tort law. For inst ance, breach of patient confidentiality may lead to the application of the law of tort. Conversely, criminal law is applied in cases where the healthcare institutions and professionals participate in activities that break any of the state or federal laws, for example, participating in euthanasia in states that consider the practiceRead MoreIs Euthanasia A Criminal Offence?1266 Words   |  6 PagesBy continuing to make euthanasia a criminal offence, it is making it problematic in the legal sense because although there is a lot of significant public support6 euthanasia, doctors are still being punished when they choose to help their patients with ending their lives when they choose to do so. There is a Nigerian case which involves R. v. Johnson (1961), where the presiding judge said that â€Å"I accept the fact that what you did (euthanize the patient) was done without thought for yourself but outRead MoreVoluntary/Assisted Euthanasia Essay1200 Words   |  5 PagesVoluntary/Assis ted Euthanasia Grand Canyon University Ethical Decision Making in Health Care Voluntary/Assisted Euthanasia (Thesis, Description of the topic and related ethical implications, Obligations to your profession and work as a nurse) Debra Burden The purpose of this paper is to define the issue and legalities of assisted death and the key ethical arguments, including the social values and norms, encompassing this topic. Also included in this paper on voluntary/assisted suicideRead More Arguments For And Against Euthanasia Essay1960 Words   |  8 PagesEuthanasia is the practice of ending an individuals life in order to relieve them from an incurable disease or unbearable suffering. The term euthanasia is derived from the Greek word for good death and originally referred to as â€Å"intentional killing† ( Patelarou, Vardavas, Fioraki, Alegakis, Dafermou, Ntzilepi, 2009). Euthanasia is a controversial topic which has raised a great deal of debate globally. Although euthanasia has received great exposure in the professional media, there are someRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Bioethics1094 Words   |  5 Pagesto life and health, and the rightness or wrongness of certain developments in healthcare institutions, life tec hnology, and medicine. For this week s assignment, I will conduct independent research for current bioethical issues. I will provide three examples of current, bioethical issues and explain the surrounding ethical issues. As well as discuss the importance of the conscience clause. And whether healthcare workers and facilities should have the ability to refuse to perform certain proceduresRead MorePrinciples of Professional Practice Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesMidwifery Council Follows- The Code: Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives SSSC- Scottish Social Services Council Follows- Codes of Practice for Social Service Workers and Employers SSSC has a code for both employers and workers. I am going to compare and contrast the Workers Code of Practice. Professional education and registration To become a qualified nurse you must be accepted to study at university for a three or four year degree. This education programmeRead MoreThe Right to Die3619 Words   |  15 Pagespowerful. Because of this fear, there is a belief that one should be the master of their own fate. This belief then brings about the concept of euthanasia. Sanders and Chaloner define euthanasia as â€Å"a deliberate intervention or omission with the express intention of hastening or ending an individual’s life, to relieve intractable pain or suffering† (2007, p). Euthanasia is associated with the act of mercifully ending the life of a suffering patient. Those who are terminally ill should have the choice and

The Ukrainian Genocide Essay Example For Students

The Ukrainian Genocide Essay When one man dies its a tragedy. When thousands die its statistics-these are the words of Joseph Stalin, a man who understood that killing was a tool; properly used it could eliminate enemies, terrorize survivors into submission, and overwhelm outsiders beyond their ability to intervene (Altman 41). The Soviet government claims that the famine of 1932-1933 was due to conditions beyond human control, that it was an unfortunate but unintended consequence of the collectivization effort (Altman 47). The reality is that this disaster was not the result of inflation, crop failure, natural disasters, nor war. The shocking truth, which has been buried under sixty-five years of Soviet propaganda and Western corruption, is that the famine was engineered by Stalin and used as a weapon to annihilate between seven and ten million Ukrainians. Realizing that the Soviet Union was fifty to one hundred years behind the advanced countries, Stalin devised a Five-Year Plan to industrialize the nation. Modernization was expensive, and in order to fund his new project, Stalin knew that the Soviet Union needed to increase its agricultural exports. To accomplish this he outlawed the private ownership of land and organized collective farms. Stalin demanded collective workers give a huge majority of their crops to the government. The Ukrainians, a fiercely independent group, opposed Stalins plan. Many refused to surrender their land. Some burned their crops and slaughtered their cattle in protest (Glennon 207). Millions more left the farms for cities, seeking jobs in the developing industry, which drastically hurt food production. Penalties for resisting the collectivization drive were forced labor camps or execution (Glennon 207). Stalins first attempt at collectivization failed. Collectives produced less food than independent farms had. Determined to succeed in his efforts, in July of 1932, he raised the grain quota to an impossible 6. 6 millions tons (Altman 44). Even after Stalin ordered all peasants to surrender their entire grain crop, leaving nothing for themselves, the quota was not met. In one year seven to ten million Ukrainians perished from starvation. Of these, three million were children under the age of seven (Spiking the Ukrainian Famine, Again 33). The Soviet government denied any existence of a terror famine, although it did admit that Stalin continued with the campaign even after learning of its toll on the peasantry (Denying the Terror Famine 2). It estimated a death toll only in the thousands and regarded these as necessary casualties in the interest of increased productivity. The Soviet Union also insisted that it was misfortune and not malice that caused the Ukrainian difficulties (Altman 47). It called Ukrainian accusations of genocide fraudulent, claiming such allegations were a ploy to conceal Ukrainian-Nazi collaboration (Denying the Terror Famine 4). No amount of Soviet sugar-coating can hide the evil truth behind the government-created famine of 1932-1933. There is no denying that it was an attempt to destroy the independently spirited people of the Ukraine who were a threat to Stalins revolution and Russian domination. The well-fed, smiling farmers on Soviet propaganda posters never existed (Procyk 31). Instead, hunger-stricken men, women, and children lay swollen and dying on land that used to be their own (Glennon 207). Stalin dispatched special brigades to the Ukraine to find and seize private food stashes. These brigades consisted of 100,000 terrorists, ex-convicts, and Communist party officials (Spiking the Ukrainian Famine, Again 33; Altman 45). They entered the homes of every peasant, breaking into walls and digging up earth, in which peasants tried to hide their last handfuls of food. Officials also analyzed fecal matter to learn whether the peasants had stolen government property and were eating grain (Altman 45). Anyone found possessing government crops was considered an enemy of the people and was subject to execution (Altman 45). All food was forcefully removed from Ukrainian villages. .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 , .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .postImageUrl , .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 , .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6:hover , .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6:visited , .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6:active { border:0!important; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6:active , .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6 .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u839c4572bf5c6d81094877b66b5981e6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: World Hunger Essay Food was so scarce that people began eating anything they could find: roots, bark, corn stalks, clover, even tadpoles (Procyk 31). Dogs and cats quickly became less likely to be seen roaming the streets and more likely to be seen on the dinner table. When Soviet officials became aware that pets were being eaten, they too were removed (Spiking the Ukrainian Famine, Again 33). Nightingales, the Ukrainian symbol, were trapped in large quantities and slaughtered by .

Professional Values free essay sample

I volunteered| | | |to learn how to give dialysis treatments because the| | | |unit was having a staffing crunch due to staff being| | | |off on medical leave, vacations or leaving the | | | |facility for other employment. I always look out for| | | |the good of the patient. | |Autonomy |Skar (2010) states, â€Å"Professional autonomy means|As the nursing supervisor, I often find myself | | |having the authority to make decisions and the |making decisions. Recently we admitted a patient | | |freedom to act in accordance with one’s |with a hgb of 4. The doctor wanted a medical bed, no| | |professional knowledge base. |telemetry. I assigned the patient to the step down | | | |unit as a house convenience because I felt the | | | |patient needed closer monitoring. In code | | | |situations, I have started ACLS protocol before the | | | |doctor has arrived; i. . starting fluids if none are| | | |running, making sure CPR is being done correctly, | | | |giving that first dose of epinephrine. | |Human Dignity |Rassin (2008) defined human dignity as |I once took care of a man from an assisted living | | |â€Å"awareness of a patient’s values and beliefs and|facility for MRDD individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Professional Values or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He was nonverbal, | | |to honor them. † |whenever he came to the hospital he would wear 3 or | | | |4 watches, his own pillow that was filled with | | | |numerous stuffed animals, his wallet, and various | | | |other items that he treasured. It was useless to try| | | |to take his things from him because he would get | | | |violent if you tried. When he was scheduled for | | | |surgery I had to explain the situation to the OR | | | |nurses, and we were able to have him sedated before | | | |he left the unit so his belongings could stay on the| | | |floor. |Integrity |â€Å"Integrity in nursing has been defined as a |I once worked at a very upscale nursing home in the | | |consistent, habitual honesty and a coherent |assisted living unit; the residents were all women | | |integration of reasonably stable, justifiable |and the majority of them were private pay. One of my| | |moral values with consistent judgment and action|residents came to me one evening very upset. She | | |over time. † McIntosh Sheppy (2013) |insisted that she had been robbed of $5,000. 00. I | | | |helped her search her room. Many times as we were | | | |looking she would leave the room. She had almost | | | |$10,000. 00 hidden in her room in various places. I | | | |convinced her to take it to the office so that it | | | |could be locked in the safe and she would know where| | | |it was. I had the social worker talk to her the next| | | |day about keeping so much money in her room. She | | | |just believed that everyone on the staff and who | | | |lived there would be honest. We found all the money | | | |she said plus more that she â€Å"must of forgot I had. † | | | |Did I think of taking any of it? No, I was too | | | |nervous about finding so much money. It was a little| | | |scary. | |Social Justice |â€Å"Respect for others as individuals and as |Before I begin, there is only one hospital in the | | |members of diverse groups, and respect for self,|town I live in. The nearest hospital is over 30 | | |are the basis of socially just health care. † |minutes away. | |Manthey (2008) |Shortly after I finished my orientation as a nursing| | | |supervisor, I was working the night shift. About | | | |4:30 AM I received a frantic call from the ER, a | | | |police officer had been shot in front of one of the | | | |buildings on our campus. To complicate matters he | | | |had been employed at the hospital as a security | | | |guard prior to becoming a police officer. As I ran | | | |to the ER, I began calling the floors asking for | | | |them each to send a nurse to the ER to help. When I | | | |got to the ER, all four of the nurses were in the | | | |treatment room with the police officer. I got busy | | | |calling in the OR team, trying unsuccessfully to | | | |direct traffic, when they bring in the accused | | | |shooter. Because I could not get a nurse to leave | | | |the other room, three of the floor nurses helped me | | | |take care of him. I not so politely asked a State | | | |Trooper to leave the room when he came in and | | | |threatened our patient. The four of us in the room | | | |were very scared, and none of us had ever taken care| | | |of a bullet wound. But we saved his life. And were | | | |able to do what needed to be done without judging | | | |him. | | |Unfortunately the police officer died, we were able | | | |to send the other patient to Toledo by Life-Flight | | | |without too much trouble. |

Beat Matching essays

Beat Matching essays Everyone has seen or heard a DJ perform at some point in their life. The type of disc jockey I am referring to isnt a radio DJ that just plays songs for people to listen to. I am referring to what is best know as a club DJ; one that uses two turntables and a mixer. Most people dont even pay attention to what exactly the DJ is doing behind the turntables; and to tell the truth most people dont care. The final product produced is good music that is blended together to make a continuous mix of music. It is not a very easy process to accomplish even though everyone thinks that it is easy and that anyone can do it. The process that a DJ goes through when they are mixing is a process called beat matching. Beat matching is a very complex process and takes an extreme amount of practice. The process includes about sixteen steps, but can be described in four steps: play one record on the turntable and listen to other record in the headphones, grab the beat of one record and release it on beat with the other record using the pitch control, analyze then re-analyze the two records, and finally blend the two records using the cross-fader. If you dont know how to match beats it is almost certain you will not succeed as a DJ. The main equipment used by a professional DJ is two turntables hooked up to mixer in the middle with a cross-fader for selection. There is other equipment used such as CD mixers, but the main type is the turntable set-up. The main purpose of this process is to make one record blend with the other record at the same speed to create one sound. The first step in the process is to play one record off of one turntable through the main sound system. The cross-fader on the mixer should be to the side of the turntable that is playing. At the same time play the second record through the mixer using the cue switch on the mixer. That record will not be playing ...

Final Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Final - Research Paper Example Social media plays several functions. In previous generations, before the advent of social media, people relied on traditional news outlets such as television, radio, and newspapers. Fast forward, and nowadays people log into their social media accounts to see current trends (Ahn 1436). For that reason, social media is a source of information, available on a handheld gadget. In addition, several people have started their businesses online, and thus, it is a form of startup and a means of employment for both ordinary and techno savvy individuals (William 11). Finally, social media allows people to show their emotions transparently and reveal their whereabouts in a general manner that alerts their friends. There are several benefits of participating in various social media. Firstly, social media keeps people up-to-date and informed about current events (Pernisco 12). Although it may sometimes be unreliable in terms of content, it is the fastest source of information in the modern world. Secondly, social media promotes social justice. The ability to express opinions online reaches several people and concerned parties. For that reason, a mass of people can pass a point across, create social awareness, and in consequence, enhance social justice. Thirdly, and most importantly, interconnectedness through social media promotes tolerance of other cultures and races. Social media enables people from different regions to interact like friends. There are several drawbacks of participating in various social media. The loss of face-to-face interaction is one of the detrimental effects of social media in my life. I am unable to communicate and relate with friends as I used to during my childhood years. Illiteracy is another detrimental effect (Pernisco 8). The use of slang and shortened abbreviations has lessened the level of literacy of most people in the society. Overall,

Malcom x Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Malcom x - Essay Example â€Å"He was interviewed on major television programs and by magazines, and spoke across the country at various universities and other forums. His power was in his words, which so vividly described the plight of blacks and incriminated whites† (ibid.). The racism of the Nation of Islam prevented Malcolm from accepting any help from whites as sincere and capable. Therefore, Malcolm X kept on preaching for 12 years that â€Å"the white man was the devil and the Honorable Elijah Muhammad was God’s Messenger (ibid.). Although unfortunate—but important—â€Å"most images of Malcolm today focus on this period of his life, although the transformation he was about to undergo would give him a completely different, and more important, message for the American people† (ibid.). Due to internal jealousy and the discovery of Elijah Muhammad’s sexual immorality, Malcolm X left the Nation of Islam on March 12, 1964. During his reflections prior to his leavin g, Malcolm X met Dr. Mahmoud Youssef Shawarbi who, upon parting said something very significant to Malcolm X – an Islamic Perspective has organized all events of any consequence in Malcolm X’s life in chronological order, taking the reader through his 12 years of preaching while with the Nation of Islam to his pilgrimage of Mecca where he began to reappraise the white man and to conclude that â€Å"America needs to understand Islam because this is the one religion that erases from its society the race problem† (ibid.). Consequently, Malcolm saw a new vision for America and began writing letters to his loyal assistants asking to have them duplicated and sent to the press. They contained the message of the â€Å"Oneness of man under one God† (ibid.). Malcolm said that he now knew that generalizations against white people is as wrong as generalizations against blacks. This new universalistic view was, however, too dangerous to last. El-Hajj Malik knew that he

Cross cultural counseling Essay Example for Free

Cross cultural counseling Essay This article focuses on how different people view culture and it affects their attitudes and perceptions to other people. The purpose for conducting this interview is to get views on what people understand by culture, how they think their culture shapes their way of thinking, how parents cultivate cultural values in their children, gender and culture and how to lessen divisions that can come up due to differences in culture. Uwe peter Gielen, Jefferson M. Fish, Juris G. (2004) Background information of the interviewees I felt that Dominic was suitable to be interviewed because he seemed to be mature, honest, and most willing to spare his time to answer my questions to the best of his knowledge. He also comes from a different country from ours hence will give us a better view of culture and its impacts since he has mixed with people who are not from his cultural setup. He also has a wide range of experience in terms of culture differences since he has been allowed to live in different countries with his parents and learn in different schools which have students who come from different communities and different social status for example the poor and the rich. Ramya, who is an Indian, is suitable for this interview since her culture and more so the aspect of religion is quite diverse from other religions such as Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism and Muslim. As a result, she is best suited to giving ideas and views on how people from a culture which is so diverse can adapt in other cultures. She also seemed to be very honest and also critical in giving answers to the interview questions. Uwe peter Gielen, Jefferson M. Fish, Juris G. (2004) Aim/Goal Many people are experiencing challenges on how to live in different communities and countries which have different cultures from theirs. As a result, many people fail to cope with people who are not from their cultures. In the home setup, parents are frequently being in conflict with their children because of the different values that they hold. Religion affects people’s ways of life in such a way that it affects love relationships where one is not allowed marrying a person who is not from his/her religion. My goal for carrying out this interview is to understand how people view culture and cultural changes and how they affect their life in totality. This will go a long way in assisting people from different cultures to understand one another hence live in harmony despite of their cultural differences and also help researchers in the cross cultural counseling to be aware of the issues facing people, their attitudes and how to help them cope better in different cultural settings. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001). Results and discussion of the interview The interview went on successfully since the people I interviewed were willing and ready to devote their time to answer my questions to the best of their knowledge and ability. They seemed to be very free and open. I interviewed two people and these are: 1) Dominic from Jamaica 2) Ramya from India In this interview, I asked Dominic and Ramya the following questions: 1. Can you tell me your point of view on what culture is? 2. How does your culture impact on your belief systems and life experience? 3. What was considered important to your parents? 4. What expectation did your parents place on you regarding religion? 5. What was the attitude of being a female/male in your culture? 6. How does your culture shape your experiences in interacting with people in the ? a) office environment, ? b) home environment ? c) general social environment (e. g. parties and going out) 7. What are your suggestions for lessening the impact of cultural divide that may occur in Australia? Dominic viewed culture as the Culture is the values, traditions and beliefs that the society you grew up in instills in you. He believes that the culture you are brought up in is the one which moulds the beliefs that you hold and also determines how a person will behave/react to different environments and situations. His parents, who instilled the values in him hence teaching him culture, were concerned about making him know and appreciate different cultures and hence help him to fit in the society in which he lives. This concern from his parents is clearly seen when he states that they made him live in different countries, go to different schools which have pupils from all social classes for example the poor in Jamaica, be keen on politics and current affairs, see plays and read books from his country and throughout the world. The parents valued education as a way of getting joy and satisfaction in knowing and practicing what you know rather than getting employment. To him, the parents have a very great influence to the way a person believes and the values that he holds close to him. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001) His parents considered it very crucial to develop strong network of his family and friends. They also taught him to take part in activities that lead to the development of the community such as being involved in politics, community activities, charity work and education. This is further evidence that parents shape the beliefs and cultural values that their children hold. Dominic in taking part in this interview shows his willingness to participate to contribute to community development a character that he was taught by his parents. However, his parents seem not to have controlled nor guided his decision as pertains to religion. He however asserts that his grandparents had a different view since they wanted him to attend the church in which they were elders. This shows how the cultural values keep on changing as generations come and go. The grandparents hold the belief that their child should go to the church they are in while the parents feel that one has a choice of which religion to follow. This age gap creates a lot of conflicts between the age groups. This issue has to be addressed in order for people to live in harmony. Dominic emphasizes that in his culture, women are the bread winners. They are supposed to start up families and also bring them up. Women in his culture are seen to be involved in activities such as putting up and owning businesses, be radio and television producers, musicians, scientists and even teachers. To him, the woman in their culture can work anywhere so long as she provides food at the table for the family and also raise children. This could be contrary to some other cultures. Dominic does not find problems in his workplace as far as cultural values are concerned since he comes from an English Caribbean island whose cultural values have quite many similarities with those in Australia. This implies that people who don’t have some common values to those in Australia are likely to have problems in the workplace. He also confesses that he has never worked in his home country. This could be the reason why he adapts easily to working in Australia since he has no experience of how it feels to work in an environment in whose culture one holds. He however admits to be facing challenges in his home environment since he married someone whose culture is different from his. This problem extends to the children who also seem to be holding different values from those held by their father. This demonstrates how culture can go to bringing conflicts to people in the same family. As a result, people need to be educated on how to avoid or overcome such conflicts when they arise. Joseph G. Ponterotto (2001). Cultural values also differ in social places and occasions. According to Dominic, social places in Australia don’t do similar things to what is done in Jamaica. To him, social occasions such as parties should be dominated by music, dancing and food. Drinking is not necessary in such parties, and even if someone wants to drink, then it should be done later. This is contrary to the Australian social occasions where people go purposefully to drink. In Jamaica, the major activities to take place are song and dance. Joseph G. Ponterotto (2001). He finally says that people need to be tolerant of all cultures and appreciate people despite their differences. People should be discriminated simply because they come from different cultures. In fact, people should try to understand other people’s cultures since they may find something good in them that they may like to learn and live by. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001) Ramya begins to define the term culture by emphasizing that it is so important to the Indian people. She defines it as the way of people that has been followed for a long time. Thus, she feels that culture is acquired from the time someone is born to the end of that person’s life. She views culture as a means through one’s characters are molded. She believes that culture makes one’s life to be successful and happy. She believes that culture influences most of her decisions and that people are not supposed to compromise their cultures. She also argues that culture defines how to adapt to different environments and hence is flexible to changes which are necessary after questioning and comparing the cultures. Ramya believes that what is important to our parents may not be important to us since we are of a different generation. She goes ahead and gives examples of things which used to be of priority to our parents but no longer are to us. These include culture, family, respect, unity and love towards the family. On religion, Ramya feels that this is one of the greatest points of conflict. She views the Indian religion as much more complicated than the other religions such as Christianity, Islam and Buddhism. Her concern is more on what is within a given religion. According to her, this has affected many relationships especially in situations where parents limit their children on who to play with and who to marry. Being asked to marry a certain person because he /she is from your religion or not marrying someone you love because he/she is from a different religion is what she considers critical point for the young people. This issue needs to be addressed since it is dividing people on religious lines, hence on cultural lines. Joseph G. Ponterotto (2001) In the Indian culture, women used to be considered inferior and men superior to them. Men were allowed to get better education while women were supposed to do household chores such as cooking and getting married off at a very tender age. However, this has changed as generations came up and women are being viewed as being equal to men. This shows how cultural values are changing with time hence requiring that peoples’ attitudes towards cultures different from theirs should also change. Rayma’s culture on this issue of gender is different from that of Dominic since in Dominic’s culture the woman is the bread winner. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001) At the workplace, Rayma feels that culture determines how you relate to people. It gives guidelines on what to say, and what to do. It helps one cope with challenges at work. It enables understand other people and integrate them even when we don’t hold the same cultural values. That loyalty and sincerity come from learning our cultures. At home, culture is our everyday life. Home is the ground where one learns and implements his culture. People get to understand why they hold certain values hence learn to appreciate and adore them. In the social environment, culture reflects who a person is. It gives one an identity. It also gives a person an opportunity to learn other cultures and let others know the person’s culture. As a result, people get to learn, understand and appreciate each other’s culture. Rita Sommerrs-flanagan (2002). Finally, Rayma feels that cultural divide only occurs when people are narrow minded and not ready to be flexible. People should be ready and willing to accept and appreciate other people’s cultures even when some of the values seem to conflict. Rita Sommerrs-flanagan (2002) Conclusion Information obtained from the interview shows that; differences in geographical location of places where we live, gender and religion are among factors that result to cultural differences. Culture in its real sense is the set of values that guide and dictate a society’s way of life in order to live in harmony and unity. The fact that we hold different cultural values should not be a reason to cause divisions among us. We should always learn to accommodate everyone despite of their cultural values and hoe different they are from ours. This document has shown that indeed we are different but we can enjoy staying together as one so long as we appreciate each other. Counselors should look for ways of making their clients learn how to cope in different environments with different people who hold different cultural values. The people should also be made aware of the importance of learning to accommodate each other. Paul Pedersen (2002) References: 1. Paul Pedersen (2002) Counseling across cultures. 2. Rita Sommerrs-flanagan (2002) clinical interviewing. 3. Uwe peter Gielen, Jefferson M. Fish, Juris G. (2004) handbook 5. Joseph G. Ponterotto (2001) handbook of multicultural counseling 6. Ray Woolfe, Windy Dryden, Sheelagh Strawbridge (2003) handbook of counseling 7. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001) handbook of cultural health psychology